Demographic tendencies in western Europe facilitated this “colonization.” The settlers—assured of personal liberty, mounted rents, and a few evaluate of self-administration and working underneath the so-identified as German Regulation—Launched new villages and towns or reorganized old kinds. Towns gained official charters (Wrocław in 1242, Poznań in 1253, Kraków in 1257) https://polawedee.tumblr.com/